K31: The Swiss Karabiner Model 1931 better known as the K31 was the replacement for both the model 1911 as well as the K11. It was the standard-issue service rifle for the Swiss armed forces from 1933 until 1958 where it was later replaced by the STG-57. There were some special versions of the K31 that were created due to 7.5×55’s ballistic performance. In addition, the K31 was successful at doing what the K11 could not. The carbine shortened the 1911 length and action and kept the same accuracy and precision even with a shorter barrel. The K31 was the last bolt action service rifle for the Swiss, however, particular cases and modified versions remained in service well into the 1970’s likely for its reliable action and accurate performance. The K31 features a 25.67” barrel and is chambered in the 7.5x55mm Swiss (GP11) and utilizes a 6 round detachable magazine. Interestingly, the K31 is indeed a straight-pull carbine based upon the many Schmidt-Rubin service rifles, however, the K31 was not designed by Rudolf Schmidt because he had passed away by then. It is undeniable his influence is seen throughout the rifle. Colonel Furrer designed the K31 at Waffenfabrik Bern. Since the Swiss had remained neutral throughout the entire Second World War; these rifles are all in much greater condition than the other European service rifles. Only 528,230 K31’s were produced from 1931-1970 and each batch has unique differences reflecting on the decisions made by the Swiss military.